Johannes Kepler
The astronomer Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) defended the Copernican heliocentric views and is well-known for his laws of Motion. He was very concerned with finding harmonies in nature. He also created astrological calendars and the Rudolphine Tables, which included data of use in determining planetary positions.
In his book The Eye of Heaven: Ptolemy, Copernicus, Kepler, the historian of astronomy Owen Gingerich writes the following:
"When Kepler arrived in Prague, he bet... that he could solve the theory of Mars within a week. He lost the bet, of course -- it actually took five years, but, as he apologized in the Astronomia nova, he took one year out for optics. His resultant work, the Astronomiae pars optica, lays the foundation for modern geometrical optics. In it he explains, for the first time, how an inverted image is formed on the retina of the eye, and he clearly defines the light ray."
Gingerich notes that it has been argued that Durer's work on perspective may have influenced Kepler's exploration of image formation